Muslim conquests on the Indian subcontinent mainly took place from the 12th to the 16th centuries, though [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muslim_conquests]earlier Muslim conquests[/url] made limited inroads into modern [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afghanistan]Afghanistan[/url] and[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan]Pakistan[/url] as early as the time of the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Rajput_dynasties]Rajput kingdoms[/url] in the 8th century. With the establishment of the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delhi_Sultanate]Delhi Sultanate[/url], Islam spread across large parts of the subcontinent. In 1204, [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakhtiar_Khilji]Bakhtiar Khilji[/url] led the Muslim conquest of [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bengal]Bengal[/url], marking the eastern-most expansion of Islam at the time.

Prior to the rise of the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maratha_Empire]Maratha Empire[/url] which was followed by the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_conquest_of_India]conquest of India[/url] by the[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British_East_India_Company]British East India Company[/url], the Muslim [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moghul_Empire]Moghul Empire[/url] was able to annex or subjugate most of India's kings. However, it was never able to conquer the kingdoms in upper reaches of the Himalayas such as the regions of today's [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh]Himachal Pradesh[/url], [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uttarakhand]Uttarakhand[/url], [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikkim]Sikkim[/url], [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nepal]Nepal[/url] and[url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bhutan]Bhutan[/url], the extreme south of India such as [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Travancore]Travancore[/url] and [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamil_Nadu]Tamil Nadu[/url] and in the east such as the [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahom_kingdom]Ahom kingdom[/url] in [url=https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Assam]Assam[/url].